Publications

Journal Articles

    2024

  1. A. K. Mishra, J. Kim, H. Baghdadi, B. R. Johnson, K. T. Hodge, R. F. Shepherd, Sensorimotor control of robots mediated by electrophysiological measurements of fungal mycelia. Science Robotics.
  2. C. Darkes-Burkey, R. F. Shepherd, Volumetric 3D Printing of Endoskeletal Soft Robots. Advanced Materials.
  3. J. Barreto, A-S. Kaddour, HS. A, R. F. Shepherd, C. L. Zekios, S. V. Georgakopoulos, Liquid Metal Nanoparticles-Infused Wearable CSCMR WPT Systems. 2024 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM).
  4. A. K. Mishra, Z. Nie, J. Paik, R. F. Shepherd, Introduction to Soft Robotics. Soft Matter.
  5. A. K. Mishra, N. E. Russo, H. An, C. L. Zekios, S. V. Georgakopoulos, R. F. Shepherd, Robotic Antennas Using Liquid Metal Origami. Advanced Intelligent Systems.

    6. 2023

  6. E. R. Baker, K. Ly. N. Bosnjak, M. R. O'Neill, R. Miller, S. Li, R. F. Shepherd, M. N. Silberstein, Mechanical Properties of Highly Deformable Elastomeric Gyroids for Multifunctional Capacitors. Advanced Intelligent Materials.
  7. C. A. Aubin, R. H. Heisser, O. Peretz, J. Timko, J. Lo, E. F. Helbling, S. Sobhani, A. D. Gat, R. F. Shepherd, Powerful, soft combustion actuators for insect-scale robots. Science.
  8. K. Ly, C-C. Kim, R. F. Shepherd, Data Transmission and Communication via Electrolytic Flow Channel. arXiv preprint.
  9. Y. Matia, G. H. Kaiser, R. F. Shepherd, A. D. Gat, N. Lazarus, K. H. Peterson, Harnessing Nonuniform Pressure Distributions in Soft Robotic Actuators. Advanced Intelligent Systems.
  10. D. Morton, A. Xu, A. Matute, R. F. Shepherd, Autonomous material composite morphing wing. Journal of Composite Materials.

    11. 2022

  11. K. K. Kolli, S-J. Jang, A. Zahid, A. Caprio, S. Alaie, A. A. A. Moghadam, P. Xu, R. F. Shepherd, B. Mosadegh, S. Dunham, Improved Functional Assessment of Ischemic Severity Using 3D Printed Models. Cardiovascular Engineering.
  12. H. Bai, YS. Kim, R. F. Shepherd, Autonomous self-healing optical sensors for damage intelligent soft-bodied systems. Science Advances.
  13. J. Jo, A. Xu, A. K. Mishra, H. Bai, A. Derkevorkian, J. Rabinovitch, H. Park, R. F. Shepherd, Measurement of parachute canopy textile deformation using mechanically invisible stretchable lightguides. Advanced Materials Technologies.
  14. M. R. O'Neill, D. Sessions, N. Arora, V. W. Chen, A. Juhl, G. H. Huff, S. Rudykh, R. F. Shepherd, P. R. Buskohl, Dielectric Elastomer Architectures with Strain-Tunable Permittivity. Advanced Materials Technologies.
  15. S. A. Manzano, V. Sundaram, A. Xu, K. Ly, M. Rentschler, R. F. Shepherd, N. Correll, Toward smart composites: Small-scale, untethered prediction and control for soft sensor/actuator systems. Journal of Composite Materials.
  16. A. Pratt, P. Wilcox, C. Hanson, R. F. Shepherd, Tensegristats: Lightweight Untethered Morphing Robots. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine.
  17. Y. Matia, HS. An, R. F. Shepherd, N. Lazarus, Magnetohydrodynamic levitation for high-performance flexible pumps. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
  18. C. Darkes-Burkey, X. Liu, L. Slyker, J. Mulderrig, W. Pan, E. P. Giannelis, R. F. Shepherd, L. J. Bonassar, N. Bouklas, Simple synthesis of soft, tough, and cytocompatible biohybrid composites. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
  19. J. A. Barreiros, A. Xu, S. Pugach, N. Iyengar, G. Troxell, A. Cornwell, S. Hong, B. Selman, R. F. Shepherd, Haptic perception using optoelectronic robotic flesh for embodied artificially intelligent agents. Science Robotics.
  20. S. E. Bakarich, R. Miller, R. A. Mrozek, M. R. O'Neill, G. A. Slipher, R. F. Shepherd, Pump Up the Jam: Granular Media as a Quasi-Hydraulic Fluid for Independent Control Over Isometric and Isotonic Actuation. Advanced Science.
  21. C. A. Aubin, B. Gorissen, E. Milana, P. R. Buskohl, N. Lazarus, G. A. Slipher, C. Keplinger, J. Bongard, F. Lida, J. A. Lewis, R. F. Shepherd, Towards enduring autonomous robots via embodied energy. Nature.
  22. Z. Liu, W. Pan, K. Wang, Y. Matia, A. Xu, J. A. Barreiros, C. Darkes-Burkey, E. P. Giannelis, Y. Menguc, R. F. Shepherd, T. J. Wallin, Acoustophoretic Liquefaction for 3D Printing Ultrahigh-Viscosity Nanoparticle Suspensions. Advanced Materials.
  23. D. Ni, R. Heisser, B. Davaji, L. Ivy, R. F. Shepherd, A. Lal, Polymer interdigitated pillar electrostatic (PIPE) actuators. Microsystems & nanoengineering.
  24. Y. Matia, G. H. Kaiser, R. F. Shepherd, A. D. Gat, N. Lazarus, K. H. Petersen, A. Lal, Harnessing Nonuniform Pressure Distributions in Soft Robotic Actuators. Advanced Intelligent Systems.

    25. 2021

  25. P. Rothemund, Y. Kim, R. H. Heisser, X. Zhao, R.F. Shepherrd, C. Keplinger, Shaping the future of robotics through materials innovation. Nature Materials.
  26. Z. Liu, W. Pan, K. Wang, Y. Matia, A. Xu, J. A. Barreiros, C. Darkes-Burkey, E. Giannelis, Y. Mengüç, R. F. Shepherd, Acoustophertic Liquefaction for 3D printing ultrahigh viscosity nanoparticle suspensions. Advanced Materials.
  27. R. H. Heisser, C. A. Aubin, O. Peretz, N. Kincaid, H. Seok An, E. M. Fisher, S. Sobhani, P. Pepiot, A. D. Gat, R. F. Shepherd, Valveless microliter combustion for densely packed arrays of powerful soft actuators. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
  28. S. Li, H. Bai, Z. Liu, X. Zhang, C. Huang, L. W. Wiesner, M. Silberstein, R. F. Shepherd, Digital light processing of liquid crystal elastomers for self-sensing artificial muscles. Science Advances.
  29. L. Kluis, H. Bai, N. Iyengar, R. F. Shepherd, A. Diaz-Artiles, Reducing metabolic cost during planetary ambulation using robotic actuation. Aerospace Medecine and Human Performance.
  30. H. Bai, S. Li, R. F. Shepherd, Elastomeric haptic devices for virtual and augmented reality. Advanced Functional Materials.
  31. A. K. Mishra, W. Pan, E. P. Giannelis, R. F. Shepherd, T. J. Wallin, Making bioinspired 3D-printed autonomic perspiring hydrogel actuators. Nature Protocols.
  32. H. Bai, R. F. Shepherd, The new material science of robots. Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science.
  33. R. F. Shepherd, Optoelectronic sensing of the deformation of soft robots, and their electrohydraulic power. Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) XXIII.
  34. N. E. Russo, C. L. Zekios, S. V. Georgakopoulos, H. Seok An, A. K. Mishra, R. F. Shepherd, Design and fabrication of an origami multimode ring antenna. 2021 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM).

    35. 2020

  35. C. Darkes-Burkey, R. F. Shepherd, High-resolution 3D printing in seconds. Nature News and Views.
  36. K. K. Kolli, A. Zahid, A. Caprio, A. Xu, R. F. Shepherd, S. Jang, T. Doshi, M. Zgaren, V. Kashyap, S. Jalal, M. Torabinia, L. J. Shaw, F. Y. Lin, B. Mosadegh, S. Dunham, Noninvasive CT-based hemodynamic assessment using 3D printing and virtual functioanl assessment index. Circulation.
  37. H. Bai, S. Li, J. Barreiros, Y. Tu, C. R. Pollock, R. F. Shepherd, Stretchable distributed fiber-optic sensors. Science.
  38. S. Aguasvivas Manzano, A. Xu, K. Ly, R. F. Shepherd, N. Correll, high-bandwidth nonlinear control of soft actuators with recursive network models. International Symposium on Experimental Robotics 2020.
  39. M. R. O'Neill, E. Acome, S. Bakarich, S. K. Mitchell, J. Timko, C. Keplinger, R. F. Shepherd, Rapid 3D printing of electrohydraulic (HASEL) tentacle actuators. Advanced Functional Materials.
  40. R. J. Wallin, L. Simonsen, W. Pan, K. Wang, E. Giannelis, R. F. Shepherd, Y. Menguc, 3D printable tough silicone double networks. Nature Communications.
  41. K. Wang, W. Pan, Z. Liu, T. J. Wallin, G. van Dover, S. Li, E. P. Giannelis, Y. Menguc, R. F. Shepherd, 3D printing of viscoelastic suspensions via digital light synthesis for tough nanoparticle-elastomer composites. Advanced Materials.
  42. O. Peretz, A. K. Mishra, R. F. Shepherd, A. D. Gat, Underactuated fluidic control of a continuous multistable membrane. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
  43. Y. Jun Tan, H. Godaba, G. Chen, S. Ting Melissa Tan, G. Wan, G. Li, P. Mun Lee, Y. Cai, S. Li, R. F. Shepherd, J. S. Ho, B. C. K. Tee, A transparent, self-healing and high-Kappa dielectric for low-field-emission stretchable optoelectronics. Nature Materials.
  44. A. K. Mishra, T. J. Wallin, W. Pan, P. A. Xu, K. Wang, E. P. Giannelis, B. Mazzolai, R. F. Shepherd, Autonomic perspiration in 3D-printed hydrogel actuators. Science Robotics.
  45. D. Ni, B. Davaji, R. F. Shepherd, A. Lal, 3D printed pyroelectric lithium-niobate high voltages sources with pull-in regulated output. 2020 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS).

    46. 2019

  46. J. Barreiros, K. W. O'Brien, S. Hong, M. F. Xiao, H. J. Yang, R. F. Shepherd, Configurable Tendon Routing in a 3D-printed Soft Actuator for Improved Locomotion in a Multi-Legged Robot. 2019 2nd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics.
  47. K. H. Petersen, R. F. Shepherd, Fluid-driven intrinsically soft robots. Robotic Systems and Autonomous Platforms.
  48. P. A. Xu, A. K. Mishra, H. Bai, C. A. Aubin, L. Zullo, R. F. Shepherd, Optical lace for synthetic afferent neural networks. Science Robotics.
  49. C. A. Aubin, S. Choundhury, R. Jerch, L. A. Archer, J. H. Pikul, R. F. Shepherd, Electrolytic vascular systems for energy-dense robots. Nature.
  50. S. Li, H. Bai, R. F. Shepherd, H. Zhao, Bio-inspired Design and Additive Manufacturing of Soft Materials, Machines, Robots, and Haptic Interfaces. Angewandte Chemie International Edition.
  51. S. Li, Y. Tu, H. Bai, Y. Hibi, L. W. Wiesner, W. Pan, K. Wang, E. P. Giannelis, R. F. Shepherd, Simple Synthesis of Elastomeric Photomechanical Switches That Self-Heal. Macromolecular Rapid Communications.
  52. B. Peele, S. Li, C. Larson, J. Cortell, E. Habtour, R. F. Shepherd, Untethered Stretchable Displays for Tactile Interaction. Soft Robotics.
  53. I. M. Van Meerbeek, J. A. Barreiros, R. F. Shepherd, C. M. De Sa, Addressing sensor drift in a proprioceptive optical foam system. Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2019.
  54. W. Pan, T. J. Wallin, J. Odent, M. C. Yip, B. Mosadegh, R. F. Shepherd, E. P. Giannelis Optical stereolithography of antifouling zwitterionic hydrogels. Journal of Materials Chemistry B.
  55. J. Odent, S. Vanderstappen, A. Toncheva, E. Pichon, T. J. Wallin, K. Wang, R. F. Shepherd, P. Dubois, J. Raquez Hierarchical chemomechanical encoding of multi-responsive hydrogel actuators via 3D printing. Journal of Materials Chemistry A.
  56. B. Svetozarevic, M. Begle, P. Jayathissa, S. Caranovic, R. F. Shepherd, Z. Nagy, I. Hischier, J. Hofer, A. Schlueter Dynamic photovoltaic building envelopes for adaptive energy and comfort management. Nature Energy.

    57. 2018

  57. B. Mac Murray, B. Peele, P. Xu, J. Spjut, O. Shapira, D. Luebke, R. F. Shepherd, A Variable Shape and Variable Stiffness Controller for Haptic Virtual Interactions. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics .
  58. B. Peele, S. Li, C. Larson, J. Cortell, E. Habtour, R. F. Shepherd, Untethered Stretchable Displays for Tactile Interaction. Soft Robotics.
  59. J. Barreiros, H. Claure, B. Peele, O. Shapira, J. Spjut, D. Luebke, M. Jung, R. F. Shepherd, Fluidic Elastomer Actuators for Haptic Interactions in Virtual Reality. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters.
  60. I. M. Van Meerbeek, C. M. De Sa, R. F. Shepherd, Soft optoelectronic sensory foams with proprioception. Science Robotics.
  61. K. W. O'Brien, P. A. Xu, D. J. Levine, C. A. Aubin, H. Yang, M. F. Xiao, L. W. Wiesner, R. F. Shepherd, Elastomeric passive transmission for autonomous force-velocity adaptation applied to 3D-printed prosthetics. Science Robotics.
  62. S. S. Robinson, C. A. Aubin, T. J. Wallin, S. Gharaie, P. A. Xu, K. Wang, S. N. Dunham, B. Mosadegh, R. F. Shepherd, Stereolithography for Personalized Left Atrial Appendage Occluders. Advanced Materials Technologies.
  63. T. J. Wallin, J. Pikul, R. F. Shepherd, 3D printing of soft robotic systems. Nature Reviews Materials.
  64. D. Keithly, J. Whitehead, A. Voinea, D. Horna, S. Hollenberg, M. Peck, J. Pikul, R. F. Shepherd, A cephalopod-inspired combustion powered hydro-jet engine using soft actuators. Extreme Mechanics Letters.
  65. S. S. Robinson, S. Alaie, H. Sidoti, J. Auge, L. Baskaran, K. Aviles-Fernandez, S. D. Hollenberg, R. F. Shepherd, J. K. Min, S. N. Dunham, and B. Mosadegh, Patient-specific design of a soft occluder for the left atrial appendage. Nature Biomedical Engineering.

    66. 2017

  66. B. Mac Murray, C. Futran, J. Lee, K. O'Brien, A. Moghadam, B. Mosadegh, M. Silberstein, J. Min, R. F. Shepherd, Compliant Buckled Foam Actuators and Application in Patient-Specific Direct Cardiac Compression. Soft Robotics.
  67. J. H. Pikul, S. Li, H. Bai, R. T. Hanlon, I. Cohen, R. F. Shepherd, Stretchable surfaces with programmable 3D texture morphing for synthetic camouflaging skins. Science.
  68. J. Odent, T. J. Wallin, W. Pan, K. Kruemplestaedter, R. F. Shepherd, E. P. Giannelis, Highly Elastic, Transparent, and Conductive 3D-Printed Ionic Composite Hydrogels. Advanced Functional Materials.
  69. T. J. Wallin, J. H. Pikul, S. Bodkhe, B. Peele, B. Mac Murray, D. Therriault, B. W. McEnerney, R. P. Dillon, E. P. Giannelis, R. F. Shepherd, Click chemistry stereolithography for soft robots that self-heal. Journal of Materials Chemistry B.
  70. P. Polygerinos, N. Correll, S. Morin, B. Mosadegh, C. Onal, K. Petersen, M. Cianchetti, M. Tolley, R. F. Shepherd, Soft Robotics: Review of Fluid-Driven Intrinsically Soft Devices; Manufacturing, Sensing, Control, and Applications in Human-Robot Interaction. Advanced Engineering Materials.
  71. C. Larson, J. Spjut, R. Knepper, R. F. Shepherd, OrbTouch: Recognizing Human Touch in Deformable Interfaces with Deep Neural Networks. arXiv:1706.02542.
  72. S. Li, H. Zhao, R. F. Shepherd, Flexible and stretchable sensors for fluidic elastomer actuated soft robots. MRS Bulletin.

    73. 2016

  73. H. Zhao, K. O’Brien, S. Li, R. F. Shepherd, Optoelectronically innervated soft prosthetic hand via stretchable optical waveguides. Science Robotics.
  74. Lao, L., Robinson, S. S., Peele, B. N., Zhao, H., Mac Murray, B. C., Min, J., Mosedehg, B., Dunham, S., Shepherd, R. F. (2016). Selective Mineralization of Tough Hydrogel Lumens for Simulating Arterial Plaque. Advanced Engineering Materials.
  75. Li, S., Peele, B. N., Larson, C. M., Zhao, H., Shepherd, R. F. (2016). A Stretchable Multicolor Display and Touch Interface Using Photopatterning and Transfer Printing. Advanced Materials.
  76. A. Argiolas, B. C. Mac Murray, I. V. Meerbeek, J. Whitehead, E. Sinibaldi, B. Mazzolai, R. F. Shepherd (2016). Sculpting Soft Machines. Journal of Soft Robotics.
  77. H. Zhao, J. Jalving, R. Huang, R. Knepper, A. Ruina, R. Shepherd (2016). A Helping Hand: Soft Orthosis with Integrated Optical Strain Sensors and EMG Control. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine.
  78. C. Larson†, B. Peele†, S. Li†, S. Robinson, M. Totaro, L. Beccai, B. Mazzolai, R. Shepherd (2016). Highly stretchable electroluminescent skin for tactile sensing and optical signaling. Science, 351(6277), 1071-1074. (†First author)
  79. V. Meerbeek, I. M., MacMurray, B., Kim, J. W., Robinson, S. S., Zou, P., Silberstein, M., Shepherd, R. (2016). Morphing Metal and Elastomer Bicontinuous Foams for Reversible Stiffness, Shape Memory, and Self-Healing Soft Machines. Advanced Materials

    80. 2015

  80. Mac Murray, B. C., An, X., Robinson, S. S., van Meerbeek, I. M., O'Brien, K. W., Zhao, H., & Shepherd, R. F. (2015). Poroelastic Foams for Simple Fabrication of Complex Soft Robots. Advanced Materials.
  81. Robinson, S. S., O’Brien, K. W., Zhao, H., Peele, B. N., Larson, C. M., Mac Murray, B. C., ... & Shepherd, R. F. (2015). Integrated soft sensors and elastomeric actuators for tactile machines with kinesthetic sense. Extreme Mechanics Letters 5 (2015): 47-53.
  82. Larson, C. M., Choi, J. J., Gallardo, P. A., Henderson, S. W., Niemack, M. D., Rajagopalan, G., & Shepherd, R. F. (2015). Direct Ink Writing of Silicon Carbide for Microwave Optics. Advanced Engineering Materials.
  83. Peele, B. N., Wallin, T. J., Zhao, H., & Shepherd, R. (2015). 3D printing antagonistic systems of artificial muscle using projection stereolithography. Biomimetics and Bioinspiration, 10(5):055003.
  84. Zhao, H., Li, Y., Elsamadisi, A., & Shepherd, R. (2015). Scalable manufacturing of high force wearable soft actuators. Extreme Mechanics Letters, 3, 89-104.

    85. 2014

  85. Kwok, S. W., Morin, S. A., Mosadegh, B., So, J. H., Shepherd, R. F., Martinez, R. V., et al. (2014). Magnetic Assembly of Soft Robots with Hard Components. [Article]. Advanced Functional Materials, 24(15), 2180-2187.
  86. Morin, S. A., Kwok, S. W., Lessing, J., Ting, J., Shepherd, R. F., Stokes, A. A., et al. (2014). Elastomeric Tiles for the Fabrication of Inflatable Structures. [Article]. Advanced Functional Materials, 24(35), 5541-5549.
  87. Morin, S. A., Shevchenko, Y., Lessing, J., Kwok, S. W., Shepherd, R. F., Stokes, A. A., et al. (2014). Using “Click-e-Bricks” to Make 3D Elastomeric Structures. [Article]. Advanced Materials, 26(34), pg. 5991.
  88. Mosadegh, B., Mazzeo, A. D., Shepherd, R. F., Morin, S. A., Gupta, U., Sani, I. Z., et al. (2014). Control of soft machines using actuators operated by a Braille display. [Article]. Lab on a Chip, 14(1), 189-199.
  89. Mosadegh, B., Polygerinos, P., Keplinger, C., Wennstedt, S., Shepherd, R. F., Gupta, U., et al. (2014). Pneumatic Networks for Soft Robotics that Actuate Rapidly. [Article]. Advanced Functional Materials, 24(15), 2163-2170.
  90. Messner W, Paik J, Shepherd R, Kim S, & Trimmer B (2014) Energy for Biomimetic Robots: Challenges and Solutions. Soft Robotics 1(2):106-109.
  91. Stokes A, Shepherd R, Morin S, Ilievski F, & Whitesides G (2014) A Hybrid Combining Hard and Soft Robots. Soft Robotics 1(1):70-74.
  92. Tolley MT, Shepherd RF, Mosadegh B, Galloway KC, Wehner M, Karpelson M, Wood RJ, Whitesides GM (2014). A Resilient, Untethered Soft Robot. Soft Robotics 1(3): 213-223. Most cited article in the journal of Soft Robotics.
  93. Wehner M, Tolley MT, Menguc Y, Park Y-L, Mozeika A, Ding Y, Onal C, Shepherd RF, Whitesides GM, Wood RJ (2014). Pneumatic Energy Sources for Autonomous and Wearable Soft Robotics. Soft Robotics 1(4):263-274.

    94. 2013

  94. Shepherd, R. F., Stokes, A. A., Nunes, R. M. D., & Whitesides, G. M. (2013). Soft Machines That are Resistant to Puncture and That Self Seal. [Article]. Advanced Materials, 25(46), 6709-6713.
  95. Majidi, C., Shepherd, R. F., Kramer, R. K., Whitesides, G. M., & Wood, R. J. (2013). Influence of surface traction on soft robot undulation. [Article]. International Journal of Robotics Research, 32(13), 1577-1584.
  96. Martinez, R. V., Branch, J. L., Fish, C. R., Jin, L. H., Shepherd, R. F., Nunes, R. M. D., et al. (2013). Robotic Tentacles with Three-Dimensional Mobility Based on Flexible Elastomers. [Article]. Advanced Materials, 25(2), 205-212.
  97. Shepherd, R. F., Stokes, A. A., Freake, J., Barber, J., Snyder, P. W., Mazzeo, A. D., et al. (2013). Using Explosions to Power a Soft Robot. [Article]. Angewandte Chemie-International Edition, 52(10), 2892-2896.

    98. 2012

  98. Morin, S. A., Shepherd, R. F., Kwok, S. W., Stokes, A. A., Nemiroski, A., & Whitesides, G. M. (2012). Camouflage and Display for Soft Machines. [Article]. Science, 337(6096), 828-832. Cited by 194.
  99. Shepherd, R. F., Conrad, J. C., Sabuwala, T., Gioia, G. G., & Lewis, J. A. (2012). Structural evolution of cuboidal granular media. [Article]. Soft Matter, 8(17), 4795-4801.
  100. Tricard, S., Feinstein, E., Shepherd, R. F., Reches, M., Snyder, P. W., Bandarage, D. C., et al. (2012). Analog modeling of Worm-Like Chain molecules using macroscopic beads-on-a-string. [Article]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 14(25), 9041-9046.

    101. 2011

  101. Shepherd, R. F., Ilievski, F., Choi, W., Morin, S. A., Stokes, A. A., Mazzeo, A. D., et al. (2011). Multigait soft robot. [Article]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(51), 20400-20403. Cited by 480.
  102. Ilievski, F., Mazzeo, A. D., Shepherd, R. E., Chen, X., & Whitesides, G. M. (2011). Soft Robotics for Chemists. Angewandte Chemie-International Edition, 50(8), 1890-1895. Cited by 413.
  103. Conrad, J. C., Ferreira, S. R., Yoshikawa, J., Shepherd, R. F., Ahn, B. Y., & Lewis, J. A. (2011). Designing colloidal suspensions for directed materials assembly. [Review]. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 16(1), 71-79.
  104. Shepherd, J. N. H., Parker, S. T., Shepherd, R. F., Gillette, M. U., Lewis, J. A., & Nuzzo, R. G. (2011). 3D Microperiodic Hydrogel Scaffolds for Robust Neuronal Cultures. [Article]. Advanced Functional Materials, 21(1), 47-54.

    105. Earlier work

  105. Barry, R. A., Shepherd, R. F., Hanson, J. N., Nuzzo, R. G., Wiltzius, P., & Lewis, J. A. (2009). Direct-Write Assembly of 3D Hydrogel Scaffolds for Guided Cell Growth. [Article]. Advanced Materials, 21(23), pg. 2407.
  106. Shepherd, R. F., Panda, P., Bao, Z., Sandhage, K. H., Hatton, T. A., Lewis, J. A., et al. (2008). Stop-Flow Lithography of Colloidal, Glass, and Silicon Microcomponents. [Article]. Advanced Materials, 20(24), pg. 4734.
  107. Shepherd, R. F., Conrad, J. C., Rhodes, S. K., Link, D. R., Marquez, M., Weitz, D. A., et al. (2006). Microfluidic assembly of homogeneous and janus colloid-filled hydrogel granules. [Article]. Langmuir, 22(21), 8618-8622. Cited by 245.
  108. Xu, M. J., Gratson, G. M., Duoss, E. B., Shepherd, R. F., & Lewis, J. A. (2006). Biomimetic silicification of 3D polyamine-rich scaffolds assembled by direct ink writing. [Article]. Soft Matter, 2(3), 205-209.
  109. Therriault, D., Shepherd, R. F., White, S. R., & Lewis, J. A. (2005). Fugitive inks for direct-write assembly of three-dimensional microvascular networks. [Article]. Advanced Materials, 17(4), pg. 395.
  110. Smay, J. E., Gratson, G. M., Shepherd, R. F., Cesarano, J., & Lewis, J. A. (2002). Directed colloidal assembly of 3D periodic structures. [Article]. Advanced Materials, 14(18), pg. 1279.

Conference Proceedings

  1. R. F. Shepherd, B. Peele, B. Mac Murray, J. Barreiros, O. Shapira, J. Spjut, D. Luebke, Stretchable transducers for kinesthetic interactions in virtual reality. SIGGRAPH (2017).
  2. Zhao H, Huang R, & Shepherd R, (2016). Curvature Control of Soft Orthotics via Low Cost Solid-State Optics. International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE (2016).
  3. Tolley M, et al. (2014) An Untethered Jumping Soft Robot. in International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (Chicago, IL).
  4. Finio B, Shepherd R, & Lipson H (2013) Air-Powered Soft Robots for K-12 Classrooms. in IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (Princeton, NJ).

Book Chapters

  1. Larson, C. M. & Shepherd, R. F., 3D Bioprinting Technologies for Cellular Engineering. In Singh, A. & Gaharwar, A. (Eds.) Microscale Technologies for Cell Engineering, Springer (2015).