Publications.

Controlling Convection in Volumetric Additive Manufacturing for Large Volume Structures at Extreme Throughput

Cameron Darkes‐Burkey; YoungJune Park; Gozde Aktas Eken; Hayden Webb; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Functional Materials 36 (31), e18936 · 2026

Design and evaluation of low-cost, DIY programmable tissue processor for solvent exchange in biological sample preparation

May Wang; Samantha Pelletier; Alexis Ellis; Robert F. Shepherd; Margaret H. Frank; Abraham D. Stroock; Anand Kumar Mishra; Vesna Bacheva

PLOS One 21 (3), e0341033 · 2026

Emerging Frontiers and Technological Challenges in Soft Robotics

ACS Nano 20 (35), 24135-24167 · 2026

Modular, scalable, and resilient soft wave energy harvester

Ofek Peretz; Hannah Walker; Simona Aracri; Davide Di Blasi; Edwin A. Cowen; Geno Pawlak; Robert F. Shepherd

Device 4 (7), 101166 · 2026

Sensor fusion of touch & vision in soft manipulators for fruit picking

Anand Kumar Mishra; Aravind Ramaswami; Vikram Shree; Mehmet Mert Ilman; Khoi D. Ly; Marvin P. Pritts; Robert F. Shepherd

Nature Communications 17 (1), 4307 · 2026

The codevelopment of soft robotics and assistive technology

Ronald H. Heisser; Ritu Raman; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 11 (111), eaee0269 · 2026

Towards end-to-end optimization in multimaterial 3D printing

Xue-Ling Luo; Steven Yang; Jingye Tan; Robert F. Shepherd; Noy Cohen; Nikolaos Bouklas

arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.13174 · 2026

Explosion-powered eversible tactile displays

Ronald H. Heisser; Khoi D. Ly; Ofek Peretz; Young S. Kim; Carlos A. Diaz-Ruiz; Rachel M. Miller; Cameron A. Aubin; Sadaf Sobhani; Nikolaos Bouklas; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 10 (105), eadu2381 · 2025

In situ foliar augmentation of multiple species for optical phenotyping and bioengineering using soft robotics

Mehmet Mert İlman; Annika Huber; Anand K. Mishra; Sabyasachi Sen; Fumin Wang; Tiffany Lin; Georg Jander; Abraham D. Stroock; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 10 (103), eadu2394 · 2025

Soft Photo-Ionotronics

Xu Liu; Steven Adelmund; Shahriar Safaee; Wenyang Pan; Robert Shepherd; Thomas Wallin

ChemRxiv · Version 1 · 2025

Soft, Modular Power for Composing Robots with Embodied Energy

Chong‐Chan Kim; Anunth Rao Ramaswami; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Materials 37 (7), 2414872 · 2025

Transdisciplinary Collaborations for Advancing Sustainable and Resilient Agricultural Systems

Global Change Biology 31 (4), e70142 · 2025

Autonomous material systems

Cameron A. Aubin; Philip R. Buskohl; Richard A. Vaia; Robert F. Shepherd

MRS Bulletin 49 (10), 1070-1078 · 2024

Future directions workshop on embodied intelligence

J Bongard, K Cho, YL Park, R Shepherd, K Klemic, S Ratnayaka

US Department of Defense · 2024

Introduction to Soft Robotics

Anand Kumar Mishra; Zhihong Nie; Jamie Paik; Robert Shepherd

Soft Matter 20 (27), 5271-5272 · 2024

Liquid Metal Nanoparticles-Infused Wearable CSCMR WPT Systems

Juan Barreto; Abdul-Sattar Kaddour; Hyeon Seok An; Robert F. Shepherd; Constantinos L. Zekios; Stavros V. Georgakopoulos

2024 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM), 135-135 · 2024

Robotic Antennas Using Liquid Metal Origami

Anand K. Mishra; Nicholas E. Russo; Hyeon Seok An; Constantinos L. Zekios; Stavros V. Georgakopoulos; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Intelligent Systems 6 (8), 2400190 · 2024

Sensorimotor control of robots mediated by electrophysiological measurements of fungal mycelia

Anand Kumar Mishra; Jaeseok Kim; Hannah Baghdadi; Bruce R. Johnson; Kathie T. Hodge; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 9 (93), eadk8019 · 2024

The multifunctional use of an aqueous battery for a high capacity jellyfish robot

Xu Liu; Shuo Jin; Yiqi Shao; Sofia Kuperman; Autumn Pratt; Duhan Zhang; Jacqueline Lo; Yong Lak Joo; Amir D. Gat; Lynden A. Archer; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Advances 10 (48), eadq7430 · 2024

Volumetric 3D Printing of Endoskeletal Soft Robots

Cameron Darkes‐Burkey; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Materials 36 (33), 2402217 · 2024

Autonomous material composite morphing wing

Daniel Morton; Artemis Xu; Alberto Matute; Robert F Shepherd

Journal of Composite Materials 57 (4), 711-720 · 2023

Data Transmission and Communication via Electrolytic Flow Channel

K. Ly, C-C. Kim, R. F. Shepherd

arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.01722 · 2023

Harnessing Nonuniform Pressure Distributions in Soft Robotic Actuators

Yoav Matia; Gregory H. Kaiser; Robert F. Shepherd; Amir D. Gat; Nathan Lazarus; Kirstin H. Petersen

Advanced Intelligent Systems 5 (2), 2370007 · 2023

Mechanical Properties of Highly Deformable Elastomeric Gyroids for Multifunctional Capacitors

Emilie R. Baker; Khoi Ly; Nikola Bosnjak; Maura R. O’Neill; Rachel Miller; Sandra Li; Robert F. Shepherd; Meredith N. Silberstein

Advanced Engineering Materials 25 (19), 2300629 · 2023

Powerful, soft combustion actuators for insect-scale robots

Cameron A. Aubin; Ronald H. Heisser; Ofek Peretz; Julia Timko; Jacqueline Lo; E. Farrell Helbling; Sadaf Sobhani; Amir D. Gat; Robert F. Shepherd

Science 381 (6663), 1212-1217 · 2023

Acoustophoretic Liquefaction for 3D Printing Ultrahigh‐Viscosity Nanoparticle Suspensions

Zheng Liu; Wenyang Pan; Kaiyang Wang; Yoav Matia; Artemis Xu; Jose A. Barreiros; Cameron Darkes‐Burkey; Emmanuel P. Giannelis; Yiğit Mengüç; Robert F. Shepherd; Thomas J. Wallin

Advanced Materials 34 (7), 2106183 · 2022

Autonomous self-healing optical sensors for damage intelligent soft-bodied systems

Hedan Bai; Young Seong Kim; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Advances 8 (49), eabq2104 · 2022

Dielectric Elastomer Architectures with Strain‐Tunable Permittivity

Maura R. O'Neill; Deanna Sessions; Nitesh Arora; Vincent W. Chen; Abigail Juhl; Gregory H. Huff; Stephan Rudykh; Robert F. Shepherd; Philip R. Buskohl

Advanced Materials Technologies 7 (11), 2200296 · 2022

Haptic perception using optoelectronic robotic flesh for embodied artificially intelligent agents

Jose A. Barreiros; Artemis Xu; Sofya Pugach; Narahari Iyengar; Graeme Troxell; Alexander Cornwell; Samantha Hong; Bart Selman; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 7 (67), eabi6745 · 2022

Improved Functional Assessment of Ischemic Severity Using 3D Printed Models

Kranthi K. Kolli; Sun-Joo Jang; Abdul Zahid; Alexandre Caprio; Seyedhamidreza Alaie; Amir Ali Amiri Moghadam; Patricia Xu; Robert Shepherd; Bobak Mosadegh; Simon Dunham

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 9, 909680 · 2022

Magnetohydrodynamic levitation for high-performance flexible pumps

Yoav Matia; Hyeon Seok An; Robert F. Shepherd; Nathan Lazarus

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119 (29), e2203116119 · 2022

Measurement of Parachute Canopy Textile Deformation Using Mechanically Invisible Stretchable Lightguides

Jeyeon Jo; Artemis Xu; Anand Kumar Mishra; Hedan Bai; Armen Derkevorkian; Jason Rabinovitch; Huiju Park; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Materials Technologies 7 (12), 2200437 · 2022

Polymer interdigitated pillar electrostatic (PIPE) actuators

Di Ni; Ronald Heisser; Benyamin Davaji; Landon Ivy; Robert Shepherd; Amit Lal

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 8 (1), 18 · 2022

Pump Up the Jam: Granular Media as a Quasi‐Hydraulic Fluid for Independent Control Over Isometric and Isotonic Actuation

Shannon E. Bakarich; Rachel Miller; Randy A. Mrozek; Maura R. O'Neill; Geoffrey A. Slipher; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Science 9 (15), 2104402 · 2022

Simple synthesis of soft, tough, and cytocompatible biohybrid composites

Cameron Darkes-Burkey; Xiao Liu; Leigh Slyker; Jason Mulderrig; Wenyang Pan; Emmanuel P. Giannelis; Robert F. Shepherd; Lawrence J. Bonassar; Nikolaos Bouklas

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119 (28), e2116675119 · 2022

Tensegristats: Lightweight Untethered Morphing Robots

Autumn Pratt; Patrick Wilcox; Caroline Hanson; Robert F. Shepherd

IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine 30 (3), 20-27 · 2022

Toward smart composites: Small-scale, untethered prediction and control for soft sensor/actuator systems

Sarah A Manzano; Vani Sundaram; Artemis Xu; Khoi Ly; Mark Rentschler; Robert Shepherd; Nikolaus Correll

Journal of Composite Materials 56 (26), 4025-4039 · 2022

Towards enduring autonomous robots via embodied energy

Cameron A. Aubin; Benjamin Gorissen; Edoardo Milana; Philip R. Buskohl; Nathan Lazarus; Geoffrey A. Slipher; Christoph Keplinger; Josh Bongard; Fumiya Iida; Jennifer A. Lewis; Robert F. Shepherd

Nature 602 (7897), 393-402 · 2022

An overview of the smartsuit architecture

L Kluis, N Keller, N Iyengar, H Bai, R Shepherd, A Diaz-Artiles

50th International Conference on Environmental Systems · 2021

Design and Fabrication of an Origami Multimode Ring Antenna

Nicholas E. Russo; Constantinos L. Zekios; Stavros V. Georgakopoulos; Hyeon Seok An; Anand Kumar Mishra; Robert F. Shepherd

2021 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM), 246-247 · 2021

Digital light processing of liquid crystal elastomers for self-sensing artificial muscles

Shuo Li; Hedan Bai; Zheng Liu; Xinyue Zhang; Chuqi Huang; Lennard W. Wiesner; Meredith Silberstein; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Advances 7 (30), eabg3677 · 2021

Elastomeric Haptic Devices for Virtual and Augmented Reality

Hedan Bai; Shuo Li; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Functional Materials 31 (39), 2009364 · 2021

Making bioinspired 3D-printed autonomic perspiring hydrogel actuators

Anand Kumar Mishra; Wenyang Pan; Emmanuel P. Giannelis; Robert F. Shepherd; Thomas J. Wallin

Nature Protocols 16 (4), 2068-2087 · 2021

Optoelectronic sensing of the deformation of soft robots, and their electrohydraulic power

Robert F. Shepherd

Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices (EAPAD) XXIII, 1 · 2021

Reducing Metabolic Cost During Planetary Ambulation Using Robotic Actuation

Logan Kluis; Nathan Keller; Hedan Bai; Narahari Iyengar; Robert Shepherd; Ana Diaz-Artiles

Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 92 (7), 570-578 · 2021

Shaping the future of robotics through materials innovation

Philipp Rothemund; Yoonho Kim; Ronald H. Heisser; Xuanhe Zhao; Robert F. Shepherd; Christoph Keplinger

Nature Materials 20 (12), 1582-1587 · 2021

The new material science of robots

Hedan Bai; Robert F. Shepherd

Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 25 (2), 100894 · 2021

Valveless microliter combustion for densely packed arrays of powerful soft actuators

Ronald H. Heisser; Cameron A. Aubin; Ofek Peretz; Nicholas Kincaid; Hyeon Seok An; Elizabeth M. Fisher; Sadaf Sobhani; Perrine Pepiot; Amir D. Gat; Robert F. Shepherd

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118 (39), e2106553118 · 2021

3D printable tough silicone double networks

Thomas J. Wallin; Leif-Erik Simonsen; Wenyang Pan; Kaiyang Wang; Emmanuel Giannelis; Robert F. Shepherd; Yiğit Mengüç

Nature Communications 11 (1), 4000 · 2020

3D Printed Pyroelectric Lithium-Niobate High Voltages Source with Pull-in Regulated Output

Di Ni; Benyamin Davaji; Robert Shepherd; Amit Lal

2020 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), 586-589 · 2020

3D Printing of Viscoelastic Suspensions via Digital Light Synthesis for Tough Nanoparticle–Elastomer Composites

Kaiyang Wang; Wenyang Pan; Zheng Liu; Thomas J. Wallin; Geoffrey van Dover; Shuo Li; Emmanuel P. Giannelis; Yigit Menguc; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Materials 32 (25), 2001646 · 2020

A transparent, self-healing and high-κ dielectric for low-field-emission stretchable optoelectronics

Yu Jun Tan; Hareesh Godaba; Ge Chen; Siew Ting Melissa Tan; Guanxiang Wan; Guojingxian Li; Pui Mun Lee; Yongqing Cai; Si Li; Robert F. Shepherd; John S. Ho; Benjamin C. K. Tee

Nature Materials 19 (2), 182-188 · 2020

Autonomic perspiration in 3D-printed hydrogel actuators

Anand K. Mishra; Thomas J. Wallin; Wenyang Pan; Artemis Xu; Kaiyang Wang; Emmanuel P. Giannelis; Barbara Mazzolai; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 5 (38), eaaz3918 · 2020

High-Bandwidth Nonlinear Control for Soft Actuators with Recursive Network Models

Sarah Aguasvivas Manzano; Patricia Xu; Khoi Ly; Robert Shepherd; Nikolaus Correll

Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics, 589-599 · 2020

High-resolution 3D printing in seconds

Cameron Darkes-Burkey; Robert F. Shepherd

Nature 588 (7839), 594-595 · 2020

Noninvasive ct-based hemodynamic assessment using 3D printing and virtual functional assessment index

K. K. Kolli, A. Zahid, A. Caprio, A. Xu, R. F. Shepherd, S. Jang, T. Doshi, M. Zgaren, V. Kashyap, S. Jalal, M. Torabinia, L. J. Shaw, F. Y. Lin, B. Mosadegh, S. Dunham

Circulation 142 (Suppl_3), A17031-A17031 · 2020

Rapid 3D Printing of Electrohydraulic (HASEL) Tentacle Actuators

Maura R. O'Neill; Eric Acome; Shannon Bakarich; Shane K. Mitchell; Julia Timko; Christoph Keplinger; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Functional Materials 30 (40), 2005244 · 2020

Stretchable distributed fiber-optic sensors

Hedan Bai; Shuo Li; Jose Barreiros; Yaqi Tu; Clifford R. Pollock; Robert F. Shepherd

Science 370 (6518), 848-852 · 2020

Underactuated fluidic control of a continuous multistable membrane

Ofek Peretz; Anand K. Mishra; Robert F. Shepherd; Amir D. Gat

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117 (10), 5217-5221 · 2020

Underactuated fluidic control of continuous multistable structures

O Peretz, A Mishra, R Shepherd, A Gat

APS March Meeting 2020 · 2020

A Deformable Interface for Human Touch Recognition Using Stretchable Carbon Nanotube Dielectric Elastomer Sensors and Deep Neural Networks

Chris Larson; Josef Spjut; Ross Knepper; Robert Shepherd

Soft Robotics 6 (5), 611-620 · 2019

Addressing sensor drift in a proprioceptive optical foam system

I. M. Van Meerbeek, J. A. Barreiros, R. F. Shepherd, C. M. De Sa

Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and … · 2019

Bioinspiriertes Design und additive Fertigung von weichen Materialien, Maschinen, Robotern und haptischen Schnittstellen

Shuo Li; Hedan Bai; Robert F. Shepherd; Huichan Zhao

Angewandte Chemie 131 (33), 11300-11324 · 2019

Bio‐inspired Design and Additive Manufacturing of Soft Materials, Machines, Robots, and Haptic Interfaces

Shuo Li; Hedan Bai; Robert F. Shepherd; Huichan Zhao

Angewandte Chemie International Edition 58 (33), 11182-11204 · 2019

Configurable Tendon Routing in a 3D-printed Soft Actuator for Improved Locomotion in a Multi-Legged Robot

Jose Barreiros; Kevin W. O'Brien; Samantha Hong; Michael F. Xiao; Ho-Jung Yang; Robert F. Shepherd

2019 2nd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft), 94-101 · 2019

Dynamic photovoltaic building envelopes for adaptive energy and comfort management

Bratislav Svetozarevic; Moritz Begle; Prageeth Jayathissa; Stefan Caranovic; Robert F. Shepherd; Zoltan Nagy; Illias Hischier; Johannes Hofer; Arno Schlueter

Nature Energy 4 (8), 671-682 · 2019

Electrolytic vascular systems for energy-dense robots

Cameron A. Aubin; Snehashis Choudhury; Rhiannon Jerch; Lynden A. Archer; James H. Pikul; Robert F. Shepherd

Nature 571 (7763), 51-57 · 2019

Experiments and analysis of viscous flows in bistable elastic channels

O Peretz, A Mishra, R Shepherd, AD Gat

APS Division of Fluid Dynamics Meeting Abstracts, G23. 001 · 2019

Fluid-driven intrinsically soft robots

Kirstin H. Petersen; Robert F. Shepherd

Robotic Systems and Autonomous Platforms, 61-84 · 2019

Hierarchical chemomechanical encoding of multi-responsive hydrogel actuators via 3D printing

Jérémy Odent; Sophie Vanderstappen; Antoniya Toncheva; Enzo Pichon; Thomas J. Wallin; Kaiyang Wang; Robert F. Shepherd; Philippe Dubois; Jean-Marie Raquez

Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7 (25), 15395-15403 · 2019

Integral design of soft robots via stereolithography and CLIP

R Shepherd

ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 258 · 2019

Optical lace for synthetic afferent neural networks

Artemis Xu; A. K. Mishra; H. Bai; C. A. Aubin; L. Zullo; R. F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 4 (34), eaaw6304 · 2019

Optical stereolithography of antifouling zwitterionic hydrogels

Wenyang Pan; Thomas J. Wallin; Jérémy Odent; Mighten C. Yip; Bobak Mosadegh; Robert F. Shepherd; Emmanuel P. Giannelis

Journal of Materials Chemistry B 7 (17), 2855-2864 · 2019

Publisher Correction: Dynamic photovoltaic building envelopes for adaptive energy and comfort management

Bratislav Svetozarevic; Moritz Begle; Prageeth Jayathissa; Stefan Caranovic; Robert F. Shepherd; Zoltan Nagy; Illias Hischier; Johannes Hofer; Arno Schlueter

Nature Energy 4 (8), 719-719 · 2019

Resilient Task Planning and Execution for Reactive Soft Robots

Scott Hamill; John Whitehead; Peter Ferenz; Robert F. Shepherd; Hadas Kress-Gazit

2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 5148-5154 · 2019

Simple Synthesis of Elastomeric Photomechanical Switches That Self‐Heal

Shuo Li; Yaqi Tu; Hedan Bai; Yusuke Hibi; Lennard W. Wiesner; Wenyang Pan; Kaiyang Wang; Emmanuel P. Giannelis; Robert F. Shepherd

Macromolecular Rapid Communications 40 (4), 1800815 · 2019

Untethered Stretchable Displays for Tactile Interaction

Bryan Peele; Shuo Li; Chris Larson; Jason Cortell; Ed Habtour; Robert Shepherd

Soft Robotics 6 (1), 142-149 · 2019

3D printing of soft robotic systems

T. J. Wallin; J. Pikul; R. F. Shepherd

Nature Reviews Materials 3 (6), 84-100 · 2018

A cephalopod-inspired combustion powered hydro-jet engine using soft actuators

Dean Keithly; John Whitehead; Alexandra Voinea; Diego Horna; Samantha Hollenberg; Mason Peck; James Pikul; Robert F. Shepherd

Extreme Mechanics Letters 20, 1-8 · 2018

A variable shape and variable stiffness controller for haptic virtual interactions

Benjamin C. Mac Murray; Bryan N. Peele; Patricia Xu; Josef Spjut; Omer Shapira; David Luebke; Robert F. Shepherd

2018 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft), 264-269 · 2018

Compliant Buckled Foam Actuators and Application in Patient-Specific Direct Cardiac Compression

Benjamin C. Mac Murray; Chaim C. Futran; Jeanne Lee; Kevin W. O'Brien; Amir A. Amiri Moghadam; Bobak Mosadegh; Meredith N. Silberstein; James K. Min; Robert F. Shepherd

Soft Robotics 5 (1), 99-108 · 2018

Elastomeric passive transmission for autonomous force-velocity adaptation applied to 3D-printed prosthetics

Kevin W. O’Brien; Artemis Xu; David J. Levine; Cameron A. Aubin; Ho-Jung Yang; Michael F. Xiao; Lennard W. Wiesner; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 3 (23), eaau5543 · 2018

Fiber Embroidery of Self-Sensing Soft Actuators

Steven Ceron; Itai Cohen; Robert F. Shepherd; James H. Pikul; Cindy Harnett

Biomimetics 3 (3), 24 · 2018

Fluidic Elastomer Actuators for Haptic Interactions in Virtual Reality

Jose Barreiros; Houston Claure; Bryan Peele; Omer Shapira; Josef Spjut; David Luebke; Malte Jung; Robert Shepherd

IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 4 (2), 277-284 · 2018

Leveraging fluid resistance in soft robots

CC Futran, S Ceron, BC Mac Murray, RF Shepherd, KH Petersen

2018 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft), 473-478 · 2018

Materials for 3D Printing Cardiovascular Devices

Sanlin Robinson; Amir Hossein Kaboodrangi; Simon Dunham; Robert Shepherd

3D Printing Applications in Cardiovascular Medicine, 33-59 · 2018

Patient-specific design of a soft occluder for the left atrial appendage

Sanlin S. Robinson; Seyedhamidreza Alaie; Hannah Sidoti; Jordyn Auge; Lohendran Baskaran; Kenneth Avilés-Fernández; Samantha D. Hollenberg; Robert F. Shepherd; James K. Min; Simon N. Dunham; Bobak Mosadegh

Nature Biomedical Engineering 2 (1), 8-16 · 2018

Soft optoelectronic sensory foams with proprioception

I. M. Van Meerbeek; C. M. De Sa; R. F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 3 (24), eaau2489 · 2018

Stereolithography for Personalized Left Atrial Appendage Occluders

Sanlin S. Robinson; Cameron A. Aubin; Thomas J. Wallin; Saleh Gharaie; Patricia A. Xu; Kaiyang Wang; Simon N. Dunham; Bobak Mosadegh; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Materials Technologies 3 (12), 1800233 · 2018

Click chemistry stereolithography for soft robots that self-heal

T. J. Wallin; J. H. Pikul; S. Bodkhe; B. N. Peele; B. C. Mac Murray; D. Therriault; B. W. McEnerney; R. P. Dillon; E. P. Giannelis; R. F. Shepherd

Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5 (31), 6249-6255 · 2017

Flexible and stretchable sensors for fluidic elastomer actuated soft robots

Shuo Li; Huichan Zhao; Robert F. Shepherd

MRS Bulletin 42 (02), 138-142 · 2017

Highly Elastic, Transparent, and Conductive 3D‐Printed Ionic Composite Hydrogels

Jérémy Odent; Thomas J. Wallin; Wenyang Pan; Kevin Kruemplestaedter; Robert F. Shepherd; Emmanuel P. Giannelis

Advanced Functional Materials 27 (33), 1701807 · 2017

Selective Mineralization of Tough Hydrogel Lumens for Simulating Arterial Plaque

Lihong Lao; Sanlin S. Robinson; Bryan Peele; Huichan Zhao; Benjamin C. Mac Murray; James K. Min; Bobak Mosadegh; Simon Dunham; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Engineering Materials 19 (1), 1600591 · 2017

Soft Robotics: Review of Fluid‐Driven Intrinsically Soft Devices; Manufacturing, Sensing, Control, and Applications in Human‐Robot Interaction

Panagiotis Polygerinos; Nikolaus Correll; Stephen A. Morin; Bobak Mosadegh; Cagdas D. Onal; Kirstin Petersen; Matteo Cianchetti; Michael T. Tolley; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Engineering Materials 19 (12), 1700016 · 2017

Stretchable Optical Fibers: Threads for Strain‐Sensitive Textiles

Cindy K. Harnett; Huichan Zhao; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Materials Technologies 2 (9), 1700087 · 2017

Stretchable surfaces with programmable 3D texture morphing for synthetic camouflaging skins

J. H. Pikul; S. Li; H. Bai; R. T. Hanlon; I. Cohen; R. F. Shepherd

Science 358 (6360), 210-214 · 2017

Stretchable transducers for kinesthetic interactions in virtual reality

Robert Shepherd; Bryan Peele; Benjamin Mac Murray; Jose Barreiros; Omer Shapira; Josef Spjut; David Luebke

ACM SIGGRAPH 2017 Emerging Technologies, 1-2 · 2017

The Evolution of Soft Robotics

R Shepherd

Georgia Institute of Technology · 2017

3D Bioprinting Technologies for Cellular Engineering

Chris Larson; Robert Shepherd

Microscale Technologies for Cell Engineering, 69-89 · 2016

A Helping Hand: Soft Orthosis with Integrated Optical Strain Sensors and EMG Control

Huichan Zhao; Jonathan Jalving; Rukang Huang; Ross Knepper; Andy Ruina; Robert Shepherd

IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine 23 (3), 55-64 · 2016

A Stretchable Multicolor Display and Touch Interface Using Photopatterning and Transfer Printing

Shuo Li; Bryan N. Peele; Chris M. Larson; Huichan Zhao; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Materials 28 (44), 9770-9775 · 2016

Curvature control of soft orthotics via low cost solid-state optics

Huichan Zhao; Rukang Huang; Robert F. Shepherd

2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 4008-4013 · 2016

Direct Ink Writing of Silicon Carbide for Microwave Optics

Chris M. Larson; Justin J. Choi; Patricio A. Gallardo; Shawn W. Henderson; Michael D. Niemack; Ganesan Rajagopalan; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Engineering Materials 18 (1), 39-45 · 2016

Gait synthesis for modular soft robots

S Hamill, B Peele, P Ferenz, M Westwater, RF Shepherd, H Kress-Gazit

International Symposium on Experimental Robotics, 669-678 · 2016

Highly stretchable electroluminescent skin for optical signaling and tactile sensing

C. Larson; B. Peele; S. Li; S. Robinson; M. Totaro; L. Beccai; B. Mazzolai; R. Shepherd

Science 351 (6277), 1071-1074 · 2016

Morphing metal and elastomer bicontinuous foams for reversible stiffness, shape memory, and self‐healing soft machines

V. Meerbeek, I. M., MacMurray, B., Kim, J. W., Robinson, S. S., Zou, P., Silberstein, M., Shepherd, R

Advanced Materials 28 (14), 2801-2806 · 2016

Optoelectronically innervated soft prosthetic hand via stretchable optical waveguides

Huichan Zhao; Kevin O’Brien; Shuo Li; Robert F. Shepherd

Science Robotics 1 (1), eaai7529 · 2016

Sculpting Soft Machines

Alfredo Argiolas; Benjamin C. Mac Murray; Ilse Van Meerbeek; John Whitehead; Edoardo Sinibaldi; Barbara Mazzolai; Robert F. Shepherd

Soft Robotics 3 (3), 101-108 · 2016

3D printing antagonistic systems of artificial muscle using projection stereolithography

Bryan N Peele; Thomas J Wallin; Huichan Zhao; Robert F Shepherd

Bioinspiration & Biomimetics 10 (5), 055003 · 2015

3D Printing Soft Materials: What Is Possible?

Barry Trimmer (moderator); Jennifer A. Lewis; Robert F. Shepherd; Hod Lipson

Soft Robotics 2 (1), 3-6 · 2015

Integrated soft sensors and elastomeric actuators for tactile machines with kinesthetic sense

Sanlin S. Robinson; Kevin W. O’Brien; Huichan Zhao; Bryan N. Peele; Chris M. Larson; Benjamin C. Mac Murray; Ilse M. Van Meerbeek; Simon N. Dunham; Robert F. Shepherd

Extreme Mechanics Letters 5, 47-53 · 2015

Mechanical Model of Globular Transition in Polymers

Simon Tricard; Robert F. Shepherd; Claudiu A. Stan; Phillip W. Snyder; Rebecca Cademartiri; Danny Zhu; Igor S. Aranson; Eugene I. Shakhnovich; George M. Whitesides

ChemPlusChem 80 (1), 37-41 · 2015

Poroelastic Foams for Simple Fabrication of Complex Soft Robots

Benjamin C. Mac Murray; Xintong An; Sanlin S. Robinson; Ilse M. van Meerbeek; Kevin W. O'Brien; Huichan Zhao; Robert F. Shepherd

Advanced Materials 27 (41), 6334-6340 · 2015

Scalable manufacturing of high force wearable soft actuators

Huichan Zhao; Yan Li; Ahmed Elsamadisi; Robert Shepherd

Extreme Mechanics Letters 3, 89-104 · 2015

A hybrid combining hard and soft robots

Stokes A, Shepherd R, Morin S, Ilievski F, & Whitesides G

Soft Robotics 1 (1), 70-74 · 2014

A Resilient, Untethered Soft Robot

Michael T. Tolley; Robert F. Shepherd; Bobak Mosadegh; Kevin C. Galloway; Michael Wehner; Michael Karpelson; Robert J. Wood; George M. Whitesides

Soft Robotics 1 (3), 213-223 · 2014

An untethered jumping soft robot

Michael T. Tolley; Robert F. Shepherd; Michael Karpelson; Nicholas W. Bartlett; Kevin C. Galloway; Michael Wehner; Rui Nunes; George M. Whitesides; Robert J. Wood

2014 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 561-566 · 2014

Elastomeric Tiles for the Fabrication of Inflatable Structures

Stephen A. Morin; Sen Wai Kwok; Joshua Lessing; Jason Ting; Robert F. Shepherd; Adam A. Stokes; George M. Whitesides

Advanced Functional Materials 24 (35), 5541-5549 · 2014

Energy for Biomimetic Robots: Challenges and Solutions

Participants: William C. Messner; Jamie Paik; Robert Shepherd; Sangbae Kim; Barry A. Trimmer

Soft Robotics 1 (2), 106-109 · 2014

Magnetic assembly of soft robots with hard components

Kwok, S. W., Morin, S. A., Mosadegh, B., So, J. H., Shepherd, R. F., Martinez, R. V., et al

Advanced Functional Materials 24 (15), 2180-2187 · 2014

Pneumatic Energy Sources for Autonomous and Wearable Soft Robotics

Michael Wehner; Michael T. Tolley; Yiğit Mengüç; Yong-Lae Park; Annan Mozeika; Ye Ding; Cagdas Onal; Robert F. Shepherd; George M. Whitesides; Robert J. Wood

Soft Robotics 1 (4), 263-274 · 2014

Pneumatic Networks for Soft Robotics that Actuate Rapidly

Bobak Mosadegh; Panagiotis Polygerinos; Christoph Keplinger; Sophia Wennstedt; Robert F. Shepherd; Unmukt Gupta; Jongmin Shim; Katia Bertoldi; Conor J. Walsh; George M. Whitesides

Advanced Functional Materials 24 (15), 2163-2170 · 2014

Soft robotics: a review and progress towards faster and higher torque actuators (presentation video)

Robert Shepherd

SPIE Proceedings 9056, 905602 · 2014

Using “click-e-bricks” to make 3D elastomeric structures

Morin, S. A., Shevchenko, Y., Lessing, J., Kwok, S. W., Shepherd, R. F., Stokes, A. A., et al

Advanced Materials, 26 · 2014

Air-powered soft robots for K-12 classrooms

Finio B, Shepherd R, & Lipson H

2013 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC), 1-6 · 2013

Control of soft machines using actuators operated by a Braille display

Bobak Mosadegh; Aaron D. Mazzeo; Robert F. Shepherd; Stephen A. Morin; Unmukt Gupta; Idin Zhalehdoust Sani; David Lai; Shuichi Takayama; George M. Whitesides

Lab Chip 14 (1), 189-199 · 2013

Influence of surface traction on soft robot undulation

Majidi, C., Shepherd, R. F., Kramer, R. K., Whitesides, G. M., & Wood, R. J

The International Journal of Robotics Research 32 (13), 1577-1584 · 2013

Robotic Tentacles with Three‐Dimensional Mobility Based on Flexible Elastomers

Ramses V. Martinez; Jamie L. Branch; Carina R. Fish; Lihua Jin; Robert F. Shepherd; Rui M. D. Nunes; Zhigang Suo; George M. Whitesides

Advanced Materials 25 (2), 205-212 · 2013

Soft Machines That are Resistant to Puncture and That Self Seal

Robert F. Shepherd; Adam A. Stokes; Rui M. D. Nunes; George M. Whitesides

Advanced Materials 25 (46), 6709-6713 · 2013

Using Explosions to Power a Soft Robot

Robert F. Shepherd; Adam A. Stokes; Jacob Freake; Jabulani Barber; Phillip W. Snyder; Aaron D. Mazzeo; Ludovico Cademartiri; Stephen A. Morin; George M. Whitesides

Angewandte Chemie International Edition 52 (10), 2892-2896 · 2013

Analog modeling of Worm-Like Chain molecules using macroscopic beads-on-a-string

Simon Tricard; Efraim Feinstein; Robert F. Shepherd; Meital Reches; Phillip W. Snyder; Dileni C. Bandarage; Mara Prentiss; George M. Whitesides

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 14 (25), 9041 · 2012

Camouflage and Display for Soft Machines

Stephen A. Morin; Robert F. Shepherd; Sen Wai Kwok; Adam A. Stokes; Alex Nemiroski; George M. Whitesides

Science 337 (6096), 828-832 · 2012

Soft Robots: Manipulation, Mobility, and Fast Actuation

R Shepherd, F Ilievski, W Choi, A Stokes, S Morin, A Mazzeo, R Kramer, et al.

APS March Meeting Abstracts 2012, P52. 001 · 2012

Structural evolution of cuboidal granular media

Robert F. Shepherd; Jacinta C. Conrad; Tapan Sabuwala; Gustavo G. Gioia; Jennifer A. Lewis

Soft Matter 8 (17), 4795 · 2012

3D microperiodic hydrogel scaffolds for robust neuronal cultures

Shepherd, J. N. H., Parker, S. T., Shepherd, R. F., Gillette, M. U., Lewis, J. A., & Nuzzo, R. G

Advanced functional materials 21 (1), 47-54 · 2011

AC electrohydrodynamic flows in flame plasmas

AM Drews, KJM Bishop, L Cademartiri, R Shepherd, A Mazzeo, et al.

2011 AIChE Annual Meeting, 11AIChE · 2011

Designing colloidal suspensions for directed materials assembly

Conrad, J. C., Ferreira, S. R., Yoshikawa, J., Shepherd, R. F., Ahn, B. Y., & Lewis, J. A

Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 16 (1), 71-79 · 2011

Multigait soft robot

Shepherd, R. F., Ilievski, F., Choi, W., Morin, S. A., Stokes, A. A., Mazzeo, A. D., et al

Proceedings of the national academy of sciences 108 (51), 20400-20403 · 2011

Soft Robotics for Chemists

Filip Ilievski; Aaron D. Mazzeo; Robert F. Shepherd; Xin Chen; George M. Whitesides

Angewandte Chemie International Edition 50 (8), 1890-1895 · 2011

Direct‐write assembly of 3D hydrogel scaffolds for guided cell growth

Barry, R. A., Shepherd, R. F., Hanson, J. N., Nuzzo, R. G., Wiltzius, P., & Lewis, J. A

Advanced materials 21 (23), 2407-2410 · 2009

Microfluidics-based lithography for fabricating ceramic and cell-laden microparticles

P Panda, RF Shepherd, Z Bao, S Ali, E Lo, BG Chung, KH Sandhage, et al.

12th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life … · 2008

Stop‐flow lithography of colloidal, glass, and silicon microcomponents

Shepherd, R. F., Panda, P., Bao, Z., Sandhage, K. H., Hatton, T. A., Lewis, J. A., et al

Advanced Materials 20 (24), 4734-4739 · 2008

Flow Of Attractive Colloidal Suspensions In Microchannels

JC Conrad, RF Shepherd, SK Rhodes, JA Lewis

The 2007 Annual Meeting · 2007

Biomimetic silicification of 3D polyamine-rich scaffolds assembled by direct ink writing

Xu, M. J., Gratson, G. M., Duoss, E. B., Shepherd, R. F., & Lewis, J. A

Soft Matter 2 (3), 205-209 · 2006

Microfluidic assembly of homogeneous and janus colloid-filled hydrogel granules

Shepherd, R. F., Conrad, J. C., Rhodes, S. K., Link, D. R., Marquez, M., Weitz, D. A., et al

Langmuir 22 (21), 8618-8622 · 2006

Fugitive inks for Direct‐Write assembly of Three‐Dimensional microvascular networks

Therriault, D., Shepherd, R. F., White, S. R., & Lewis, J. A

Advanced Materials 17 (4), 395-399 · 2005

Directed colloidal assembly of 3D periodic structures

Smay, J. E., Gratson, G. M., Shepherd, R. F., Cesarano, J., & Lewis, J. A

Advanced Materials 14 (18), 1279-1283 · 2002